Welcome to the website where you can pass online the CES CBT CD-0306, 0307 test on the subject «Incident investigation – cause and effect, investigation techniques». Practice like this will help you as a marine specialist improve your knowledge with the help of online studying and appraisal practice. CES based on practical information and marine specialists experience.
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Current test contains Seagull CES questions on the subject «Incident investigation – cause and effect, investigation techniques». Those questions can be used for competence verification specialist capable of preventing accidental situations related with transporting safety, or also for self-examination.
«Incident investigation – cause and effect, investigation techniques» subject includes theoretical and practical information about advanced training for work on any type of vessel. This test provides a comprehensive understanding of the process of investigating incidents and accidents on board ships, emphasizing the importance of identifying root causes and preventing future occurrences. Participants will learn the principles of cause and effect analysis, enabling them to identify the contributing factors leading to incidents and understand the interconnectedness of events. The program also explores various investigation techniques, including interviewing witnesses, analyzing data and conducting site inspections, equipping them with the tools to conduct thorough and effective investigations. Through practical exercises trainees will apply their knowledge to analyze real-world scenarios and develop strategies for improving safety and preventing future incidents. This advanced training fosters a culture of safety and strengthens the ability to learn from mistakes, ultimately contributing to a safer maritime environment.
On this site Crew Evaluation System Test on the subject «Incident investigation – cause and effect, investigation techniques» contains 37 questions you need to answer with no possibility to go back to previous question. Therefore, we recommend carefully reading each question and making decision with no hurry. In case you have some difficulty answering, you have also possibility to request a hint.
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Amount of questions: 37.
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A Junior Engineer is injured during the replacement of a main engine cylinder liner. An investigator, looking at the period just before the accident, may look for two distinct types of actions (referred to in this e-learning module). What are they? Select the TWO correct answers.
Commission.
Prevention.
Omission.
Solution.
A stack of containers has collapsed onto the deck causing damage, but no injuries. What is the first thing the investigator should identify? Select the ONE best answer.
The transfer of energy.
How the greatest damage was caused.
The sequence of events leading to the incident.
Where the biggest impact has taken place.
As described in this training module, an accident is generally caused by contact with which TWO of the following? Select the TWO correct answers.
A source of energy.
A body capable of generating an extremely high level of energy.
A body within which all energy has been contained during an impact.
A substance above the threshold limit of the body concerned.
Immediate causes are generally divided into which TWO of the following categories? Select the TWO correct answers.
Substandard acts.
Substandard conditions.
Job factors.
Underlying factors.
In an incident investigation, complacency, incompetence, negligence, recklessness and lack of communication are all examples of what? Select the ONE correct answer.
Bad luck.
Non-compliance.
Fallibility.
Pre-existing management failure.
Inadequate compliance is normally identified by which TWO of the following circumstances? Select the TWO correct answers.
Evidence that there was inadequate knowledge or understanding of a standard.
Evidence that there was knowledge of a declared standard but that it was deliberately ignored.
Evidence that the injured party had undergone a training course.
The feeling that those involved in an incident have not listened to instructions.
Root causes are generally divided into which TWO of the following categories? Select the TWO correct answers.
Personal factors.
Fundamental causes.
Job factors.
Substandard conditions.
The maximum safe working load of a crane has been exceeded. When the operator attempted the lift, the crane mounting sheared and the crane toppled over. Which TWO of the following may be considered as evidence of “fallibility” in this situation? Select the TWO correct answers.
Incompetence.
Negligence.
Poor design.
Poor maintenance.
What are the three common reasons for lack of control? Select the THREE correct answers.
An inadequate system.
Poor compliance with standards.
Lack of personnel.
Poor commitment to training.
Inadequate standards.
Poor communication.
What is the name of the O.C.I.M.F. inspection system which includes verifying if an accident and incident investigation policy exists within a company? Select the ONE correct answer.
The SIRE Programme.
The International Risk Assessment Guide for Ship and Terminal Operators.
The IPPA Initiative.
The SOVA Scheme.
What is the purpose of investigating incidents and using the knowledge gained from the investigation? Select the ONE best answer.
A more efficient system will be developed for the purposes of allocating blame.
A reduction in personal injuries, but an increase in incidents involving material damage.
A reduction, or even elimination of such incidents in the future.
An increased likelihood of such incidents in the future.
What name do we give to the condition that starts the process of cause and effect and ultimately results in an incident? Select the ONE correct answer.
Lack of control.
Improper risk assessment.
Intentional abuse.
Lack of training.
Which ONE of these options best describes a “blame culture”? Select the ONE best answer.
One where people look no further than “human error”.
One in which the level of responsibility of each person involved in an incident is allocated as a percentage.
One where investigators seek to blame as many people as possible.
One which seeks to avoid giving any mention of blame.
Which TWO of the following are examples of abnormal behaviour? Select the TWO correct answers.
Operating a crane without having any training or familiarization.
Starting to overhaul a ballast valve, without first checking that it has been properly isolated and the appropriate warning notices put in place.
Carrying out a risk assessment and completing a “Permit to work aloft” form before repairing a floodlight on the front of the accommodation.
Wearing footwear with steel toe caps during storing.
Which TWO of the following are examples of an incident due to transfer of energy by contact? Select the TWO correct answers.
A steward opens a locker door and is hit by falling crockery as the ship rolls.
Failure of an electrical control panel has resulted in the bilge pump not starting.
Damage to spare parts in storage when a work bench broke loose in the electrician’s workshop during heavy weather.
Wear and tear on the shaft of a sledge hammer has resulted in the head working loose.
Which TWO of the following are examples of latent, or hidden, factors that may be found to contribute to an accident? Select the TWO correct answers.
Design.
Faulty maintenance.
New procedures.
Substandard practices.
Which TWO of the following are examples of possible “hidden” costs resulting from an accident or incident? Select the TWO correct answers.
Increased insurance premiums.
Lost time.
Material damage.
Pollution.
Which TWO of the following are examples of post-contact controls? Select the TWO correct answers.
Search and Rescue operations.
Briefing of the ship’s crew before the operation.
Preparation of firefighting equipment for possible use.
Emergency evacuation plans.
Which TWO of the following are examples of substandard conditions? Select the TWO correct answers.
Crowded or restricted work area.
Inadequate or defective warning systems.
Operating equipment at an improper or unsafe speed.
Working under the influence of alcohol or drugs.
Which TWO of the following are examples of substandard practices? Select the TWO correct answers.
Failure to use personal protective equipment.
Overriding or bypassing safety devices.
Exposure to excessive high or low temperatures.
Missing guards or barriers.
Which maritime Code requires shipping companies to investigate incidents in order to increase safety? Select the ONE correct answer.
The ISM Code.
MARPOL.
SOLAS.
The ISPS Code.
Which of the following may be categorized as "lack of knowledge"? Select the THREE correct answers.
Inadequate orientation or briefing.
Lack of experience.
Excessive frustration.
Poor support.
Inadequate updating or refresher training.
Within this e-learning module, which of the following is the definition of a “near-miss”? Select the ONE best answer.
A near miss is an undesired circumstance with the potential to cause harm, injury, ill health, damage to equipment or the environment.
A near miss is an undesired event which did not cause harm to people.
A near miss is an undesired event which does not need to be reported.
A near miss is an undesired event which only caused minor injury to people or minor damage to machinery.
A Superintendent is going on board to conduct an investigation into an accident in which a crewmember was seriously injured during the stowage of an accommodation ladder. Which THREE of the following should they particularly try to interview? Select the THREE best answers.
Any eye witnesses.
Anyone who can contribute to the understanding of the events leading up to, or the conditions at the time of, the accident.
The person in charge of the operation at the time of the accident.
A representative from the manufacturer of the accommodation ladder.
All crewmembers.
As described in this training module, Which THREE of the following are common interview techniques? Select the THREE correct answers.
Conversational approach.
Free recall.
Question and answer.
Numerical assessment.
Trick questions.
As described in this training module, what is the definition of an “impartial” witness? Select the ONE correct answer.
One who has a problem with authority and feels threatened by the interview.
One with a personal interest in the outcome of the inquiry.
One with whom there is a language-based communication problem.
One who has no personal interest and nothing to gain, or lose.
Following an accident onboard, there is an enquiry from a lawyer on the ship’s satellite telephone, whilst at anchor awaiting port entry. Who should the Duty Officer direct the call to? Select the ONE correct answer.
The ship’s Agent.
The Master.
The Ship’s Safety Officer.
The Ship’s Security Officer.
What is the purpose of incident investigation? Select the ONE best answer.
To establish the facts and prevent a repeat of the incident. It is not to allocate blame.
Mainly to allocate blame, and also identify relevant contributory factors. It may suggest corrective action.
The completion of the necessary forms, so that an auditor can see that a system for documenting incidents exists.
To draw up corrective action, including disciplinary procedures where appropriate. Contributory factors may not necessarily be identified.
What is the purpose of investigating incidents and using the knowledge gained from the investigation? Select the ONE best answer.
A reduction, or even elimination of such incidents in the future.
A more efficient system will be developed for the purposes of allocating blame.
A reduction in personal injuries, but an increase in incidents involving material damage.
An increased likelihood of such incidents in the future.
Where should you look first for information about how to investigate an incident on board ship? Select the ONE best answer.
Your company’s Safety Management System.
Classification Society Rules.
Information from your flag State.
The internet.
Which ONE of the following best describes how the narrative section of an incident investigation report should be written? Select the ONE best answer.
An orderly description of the events leading up to the incident, what happened during the incident itself, the consequences and the post-incident actions, written in a neutral way, without opinion or judgment.
A detailed account of the incident, reflecting, so far as possible, the investigator’s understanding of the circumstances and including recommendations for the attention of management.
A random description of the events preceding an incident and the corrective actions necessary to prevent a recurrence, written in a neutral way, but including the investigator’s summary assessment.
Which ONE of these statements best describes what should be done with the recommendations from an incident investigation report? Select the ONE best answer.
Recommendations from incident reports should be written in legal terms so that lawyers cannot dispute them.
Recommendations from incident reports should only be circulated at a high level within the company.
Recommendations from incident reports should be circulated in terms that can be readily understood by everyone on board.
Recommendations from incident reports should only be circulated on the vessel where the incident took place.
Which THREE of the following suggest that the original entries in an engine-room log-book have been amended at a later date? Select the THREE correct answers.
An entry between others in a different handwriting style.
An entry between others using a different pen.
An entry made by someone who was not on watch at the time.
An entry found to have been made by the Chief Engineer.
Which TWO of the following will usually be an investigator’s aims when planning a series of interviews as part of an investigation? Select the TWO correct answers.
To establish and confirm the sequence of events.
To understand how the witness was involved in the incident.
To determine if the witness is to blame for the incident.
To determine if the witnesses have “arranged a story” between them.
You are investigating a minor incident involving a fall on a lifeboat access platform. A Seaman who was working nearby at the time is being interviewed and is having difficulty remembering some of the details. Which TWO of the following techniques could be used to help him remember? Select the TWO correct answers.
Talk through the incident with the Seaman.
Work through a list of potentially relevant items, asking the Seaman to include or reject them.
Ask the Seaman to say anything, even if he is not absolutely sure of the facts, so that you have some testimony from him for the investigation report.
Get tough with the Seaman and tell him how important it is that he remembers.
You are investigating an incident in the engine room and planning to interview a number of crewmembers. Which TWO of the following should you do, before starting the interviews? Select the TWO correct answers.
Analyse the evidence already found.
Identify evidence still needed.
Work out in advance who is lying and how to trap them in the interview.
Write questions which will find evidence to support your ideas about what happened.
You are investigating an incident which involved a broken wire on a mooring winch and obtaining evidence with photographs. How would you try to photograph the wire? Select the ONE best answer.
In place, still on the winch drum.
Ashore, after removal from the vessel.
In the forecastle store, after being removed from the winch drum.
Photographs are of little value as evidence.
A stack of wire ropes has fallen over and crushed some boxed goods in acargo hold, but nobody was injured. What is the first thing the investigator should identify? Select the ONE best answer.
The transfer of energy.
The monetary value of the damaged cargo.
The name of the last crew member who entered the cargo hold.
An accident is frequently caused by contact with which two of thefollowing? Select the TWO best answers.
A correctly controlled work environment with no hazards present.
A planned maintenance activity being carried out by competent personnel.
Substance above the threshold limit of the body concerned.
A source of energy.
During an incident timeline, there are usually three periods of opportunityto apply or increase control. Which THREE of the following are they?
Pre-contact.
Recovery planning.
Final investigation stage.
Contact.
Post-contact.
In the critical period, immediately before an incident happens, whichTWO types of actions can normally be observed from those directly involved? Select the TWO correct answers.
Acts of omission.
Acts of communication between all involved personnel.
Acts of routine maintenance and planned inspection.
Acts of commission.
What is the name of the International Convention which the ISM Code is part of? Select the ONE correct answer.
STCW.
SOLAS.
MARPOL.
What is the name of the OCIMF guidelines that promotes safety amongst tanker operators through good incident investigation? Select the ONE best answer.
Tanker Emergency Response Management Guidelines.
Offshore Vessel Safety Assessment Guidelines.
Marine Injury Reporting Guidelines.
When are flag States required to investigate incidents? Select the ONEbest answer.
For the total loss of the ship, or a death, or severe damage to the environment.
For every minor equipment failure or routine maintenance defect reported onboard.
For any delay to the vessel\'s schedule, regardless of the cause or consequences.
Where could you find guidance on incident investigation? Select anyanswers that you think apply.
Your own ship‟s Safety Management System.
The International Convention on Load Lines regulations for ship stability requirements only.
The International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code only.
The Marine Accident Investigators’ International Forum “Code for the Investigation of Marine Casualties and Incidents”.
The IMO’s “Code of International Standards and Recommended Practices for a Safety Investigation into a Marine Casualty or Marine Incident”.
Which FOUR of the following are examples of contact controls?
Substitution.
Elimination.
Training.
Protection.
Barriers.
Reduction.
Which FOUR of the following are examples of substandard practises?Select the FOUR best answers.
Operating equipment without authority.
Over-riding or bypassing safety devices.
Failure to report a completed maintenance task.
Following established operating procedures correctly.
Operating at an improper or unsafe speed.
Failure to use personal protective equipment.
Which THREE of the following are examples of abnormal behaviour?Select the THREE correct answers.
Wearing the required personal protective equipment during maintenance work.
Carrying out a planned inspection using the correct permit-to-work procedure.
Operating a workshop lathe without using eye protection.
Starting to overhaul a pump, without checking that it has been properly isolated.
Entering a ballast tank which may be deficient in oxygen without breathing apparatus.
Which THREE of the following are the results of good control measures?Select the THREE best answers.
The effects of energy transfer may be prevented, altered or absorbed.
Harm will be reduced.
Fewer incidents will happen.
The need for safety procedures and risk assessments will be eliminated.
All hazards will be completely removed from the workplace.
Which THREE of the following may be categorized under the generalfactor described as “lack of skill”? Select the THREE best answers.
Poor communication between departments.
Inadequate supervision of experienced personnel.
Lack of practice.
Infrequent performance.
Lack of coaching.
Which of the following are examples of “hidden/i>” costs? Select anyanswers that you think apply.
Lost time.
Increased premiums.
Loss of future business.
Immediate payment for damaged equipment only.
The cost of routine scheduled maintenance.
Which of the following may be considered as evidence of “fallibility” in a situation that may have led to an incident? Select any answers that you think apply.
Effective supervision and control measures.
Proper adherence to established procedures.
Lack of monitoring.
Lack of communication.
Ongoing management failure.
Negligence.
Recklessness.
Incompetence.
Complacency.
Which of these is a possible effect of an incident, accident or near miss?Select any answers that you think apply.
Injuries.
Damage to equipment.
Pollution.
Extra cost to put things right.
Bad publicity and loss of business.
Low morale in the workforce.
Improved operational efficiency without any additional measures.
Reduced need for safety management procedures.
Who is usually responsible for investigating incidents on board ship?Select the ONE best answer.
The Ship‟s Safety Officer.
The Port State Control Officer.
The vessel’s Chief Cook.
Why should incidents be investigated, even if nobody has been hurt?Select the ONE best answer.
Because minor incidents are always signs of equipment failure requiring immediate replacement.
Because every incident must result in disciplinary action against those involved.
Because the lessons learned can make things safer.
As described in this training program, what is the most valuable outcomeof an incident investigation? Select the ONE correct answer.
New control measures to prevent a similar incident in the future.
Identifying the person responsible and assigning blame for the incident.
Completing paperwork to satisfy company reporting requirements only.
For the purposes of communications relating to an incident, who is thenominated representative of the Owner of the vessel? Select the ONE correct answer.
The Designated Person Ashore (DPA).
The Master.
The Chief Engineer.
The following describe entries found in a ships logbook. Which THREEmay indicate that the entries have been added or changed at a later date? Select the THREE correct answers.
A missing page, indicated by a break in the numerical sequence.
“Liquid paper” (Tipp-Ex) has been used.
An entry made by someone who was not on watch at the time.
Entries written clearly and signed by the responsible officer.
Routine entries made at the correct time during the watch.
There has been an incident on board the vessel. A newspaper reporterapproaches the seaman on duty at the gangway and asks him what happened. He offers $50 for information. How should the seaman be trained to react to such an approach? Select the ONE correct answer.
He should accept the money and refer the reporter to another crew member for more details.
He should provide a brief description of the incident but avoid giving personal opinions.
He should not enter into any discussion relating to the incident. He should refuse admission to the reporter.
When presenting findings and recommendations in a report for use onboard, which ONE of the following will help to increase understanding and interest? Select the ONE best answer.
Avoid using complicated language and keep things simple.
Include as many technical terms as possible to demonstrate the complexity of the investigation.
Use lengthy explanations and detailed background information regardless of the audience’s needs.
Which THREE of the following are amongst the “golden rules” of interviewing? Select the THREE correct answers.
Be patient.
Challenge the witness aggressively to test their honesty.
Interrupt frequently to keep the interview focused.
Put the witness at ease.
Don’t do all the talking.
Which THREE of these Conventions require flag States to investigate andreport marine casualties and pollution incidents? Select the THREE correctanswers.
STCW.
COLREGs.
MARPOL.
SOLAS.
The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).
