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LNG & LPG

LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) and LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) are two types of gases which are go through a process of liquefaction for transportation and storage purposes. Although similar in their liquid state, they differ significantly in composition, usage, and production methods.

LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas)

LNG is primarily methane (CH4) gas that has been cooled to a temperature of approximately -162 degrees Celsius (-260 degrees Fahrenheit). At this temperature, methane condenses into a liquid form, which takes up about 1/600 th of the volume it occupies as a gas at standard atmospheric temperature and pressure. This significant reduction in volume makes LNG economical to transport over long distances where pipelines are not feasible, such as across oceans. LNG is used mainly for heating and as a fuel for electricity generation and is increasingly used in the transportation sector, especially for ships and heavy-duty vehicles.

LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas)

LPG is a mixture of propane (C3H8) and butane (C4H10), gases that are found naturally in crude oil and natural gas. LPG is produced during natural gas processing and oil refining. It is stored and transported in liquid form under moderate pressure, which makes it easier to store and handle compared to LNG. LPG is widely used as a fuel for heating, cooking, and in vehicles. It is also used in industrial applications and is a popular choice for portable cooking and heating equipment in areas not connected to a natural gas network.

Both LNG and LPG play crucial roles in the global energy supply, offering cleaner alternatives to traditional fossil fuels like coal and oil. They contribute significantly to reducing emissions and air pollution in various applications.

General Arrangement of LNG Custody Transfer System 30
Gas Control Station Workflow Management Guide 49
Key Components of Gas Steam Turbines: Couplings, Shafts and Bearings 93
Gas Handling Equipment for Efficient Gas Processing 92
LNG Cargo Handling Equipment in Maritime Operations 121
Key Systems for LNG Carriers Containment and Safety: Design and Operation 200
LNG Cargo Handling Systems and Their Operations 215
Engineering High Voltage Systems for LNG: Features & Safety 166
Electrical Safety in Hazardous Areas: Enclosures, Temperature Classes and LNG Carrier Zones 182
Electrical Safety in LNG Carrier Hazardous Areas 216
Reasons for Choosing High Voltage in Planning Power Systems for LNG Plants 229
Electrical Equipment for Hazardous Areas in LNG Applications 220
GT96 LNG Membrane System Special Locations and Pump Tower Install 443
GT96 Membrane System Installation Protocols for LNG Containment 403
Membrane Sheet Welding Procedure for LNG Containment Systems 296
Comprehensive Framework: Primary & Secondary Barrier Testing Protocols on LNG Tankers 370
Comprehensive Procedure for Membrane Welding Tightness Testing (Ammonia Method) and LNG Tank Inspection 293
Tank Installation: Bonding, Insulation and Final Quality Check 287
Guidelines for Installing and Bonding Secondary Barrier Triplex in LNG 301
LNG Panel Erection and Sealing Techniques 293
Mastic Application Procedures for Mark III Containment Systems 285
The Role of Welding Studs in Marine Stern Gear for LNG Carriers 228
Best Practices for Gas Tank Installation and Cargo Tank Insulation 409
MARK III System: Hull and Deck Components for Marine Vessels 410
Interbarrier Space Protection: Pressurization, Inertization and Scaffolding Techniques 337
Key Characteristics of Membrane Tanks Systems 448
Welding of Stainless Steel for LNG Applications 222
Welding Challenges in Aluminum Alloys: Defects and Solutions 296
Aluminum Welding Techniques: Advanced Methods 216
Aluminum Alloy Properties and Characteristics 202
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