Welcome to the website where you can pass online the Seafarer Evaluation Training System (SETS) test on «Stability». Practice like this will help you as a marine specialist improve your knowledge with the help of online studying and appraisal practice. SETS based on practical information and marine specialists experience.
SETS tests developed for evaluating seaman basic knowledge by company “Naval Education Services” is an evaluating online-tool, used for revealing any professional preparation needed in specific fields of knowledge, defined by STCW Section A-V/1-2.
SETS tests have proven themselves as good tools for the selection and recruitment process, as well as advancing the level of knowledge of the current officers and crew.
Current test contains SETS questions in area «Stability». Those questions can be used for competence verification specialist capable of preventing accidental situations related with transporting safety, or also for self-examination.
«Stability» subject includes theoretical and practical information about advanced training for work on any type of vessel. The test provides advanced training for seafarers working on various types of vessels, focusing on theoretical and practical knowledge of ship stability. Participants will learn about the fundamental principles of ship stability, including the concepts of center of gravity, center of buoyancy and metacentric height. The course covers the effects of cargo operations, ballast and fuel on ship stability, as well as the impact of weather conditions such as wind, waves and icing. Practical training includes calculations and simulations to assess the stability of vessels in different scenarios. The course also covers international regulations and standards for ship stability, including those set by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). Sailors will learn how to use stability software and calculators to assess and manage ship stability in real-world situations. Upon completion, seamen will be able to analyze and predict the stability of vessels, identify potential risks and take corrective actions to ensure safe operations. By mastering the principles of ship stability, seafarers can enhance their skills and advance their careers in the maritime industry, contributing to the safety of crew, passengers and cargo.
On this site SETS on the subject «Stability» contains 80 questions you need to answer with no possibility to go back to previous question. Therefore, we recommend carefully reading each question and making decision with no hurry. In case you have some difficulty answering, you have also possibility to request a hint.
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Use the search below to find question.
Amount of questions: 80.
Right answers marked with this sign .
What is meant by «Synchronism or Resonance?»
This is a situation used to describe gentle rolling.
This is a term used to describe violent rolling.
This is a term used to describe pitching and rolling.
This a dangerous condition that occurs when the ship’s still water period and the apparent wave period are equal.
How is a «Turning Couple» formed?
A couple is formed when two equal parallel forces are acting in opposite directions.
A couple is formed when two unequal forces in a vertical position are acting in the same direction.
A couple is formed by joining two vertical posts together.
A couple is formed when two unequal parallel forces are acting in the same direction.
What is «Statical Stability?»
It is the basic stability information a vessel is required to carry by law.
It is the relationship between the moment of a couple and the righting moment.
It is another name for the metacentric height.
It is the ability of a vessel to return to her initial or upright position, after having been forcibly inclined.
What is a «Pro-metacentre?»
This expresses KM as moving away off the centreline at large angles of heel.
It is just another name for metacentre.
It is the ability of a vessel to return to an upright position.
It is the term used to indicate a vessel has a more than adequate GM.
What is «dynamical stability?»
It is the expression used to describe a vessel, that is in the most stable condition possible.
It is the expression used to describe the transfer of buoyancy, from one side to the other, when a vessel heels.
It is the measure of the work that is done when the vessel is inclined by external forces.
It is the energy generated by a rolling vessel.
How would you increase the GM of a ship, loaded with a timber deck cargo, that has become «unstable»?
By completely emptying all partly filled double bottom tanks.
By jettisoning the entire deck cargo of timber.
By filling all wing ballast tanks.
By filling the small divided double bottom tanks on the lower side, whilst jettisoning the deck cargo from the higher side.
What is the purpose of performing an Inclining Experiment or Stability Test?
To test the safe working load of a derrick or crane.
To determine the maximum angle of heel, before a ship will capsize.
There is no need for such an experiment, because the information it gives may be obtained in various other easier ways.
It is done to find out the «GM» of a vessel, plus the Ship’s Lightweight, and VCG & LCG at this Lightweight.
What is the «Wave Period»?
It is the comparison of the height of successive waves.
It is the time in minutes between successive wave crests, passing a fixed point.
It is the time in seconds between successive wave crests or troughs, passing a fixed point.
It is the time interval between the highest waves, in a sequence of waves.
What are «Cross Curves of Stability» used for onboard a ship?
Obtaining Statical Stability curves at known Displacements.
Giving the capacity of various holds or tanks.
Showing tank calibration values.
Similar to a set of Bonjean curves.
If the vessel is tending to «resonance», what is the universal action to alter this condition?
Decrease speed and alter course.
Increase speed and maintain course.
Change the vessel’s heading without altering speed.
Drop anchor and wait for conditions to improve.
What do the intersecting horizontal lines signify in the diagram?
The change in the Centre of Flotation, after trimming.
They show the actual angle of trim.
The change of draft after trimming.
They only serve as a base for the two vertical lines.
What is the «Centre of Pressure»?
It is the point where the total thrust of the pressure could be considered to act.
It is the pressure in the centre of a specific tank.
It is the pressure at the Centre of Flotation.
It is the part that is least likely to give way to external pressure.
What effect does «Freeboard» have on a vessel’s dynamical stability?
It does not have any effect on dynamical stability.
As freeboard increases, the range of stability also increases, and this in turn leads to greater dynamical stability.
If freeboard is greater, then the dynamical stability is correspondingly reduced.
Freeboard and dynamical stability are not related in any way.
For all ships in general what is the IMO recommended minimum allowable value for initial metacentric height (GM)?
0,35 m.
0,25 m.
0,15 m.
0,45 m.
What are «Hydrostatic Curves» used for in ship calculations?
Obtaining the shape of the body sections.
Mainly for trim calculations for predicting end draughts.
For hydrostatic pressures on bulkheads.
For pressures at various depths in oil fuel bunkers.
For all ships in general, what is the IMO recommended minimum allowable value for rightning lever (GZ), at an angle of heel equal to or greater than 30 degrees?
0,35 m.
0,42 m.
0,2 m.
0,15 m.
How do you ensure reliable results from an Inclining Experiment?
Perform test in calm conditions, with slack moorings, with minimum number of personnel, and minimise free surface effects of liquids.
Tighten all moorings, use a weight not less than 10 tonnes, and make an accurate sounding of all tanks.
No specific preparations are necessary, and it can be done even in very windy conditions.
It must be done in early morning or late evening, when the least number of people are likely to be around.
What does the letter «T» stand for in the diagram?
The Gross Tonnage of the vessel.
The Trim of the vessel.
The Tonnage Mark of the vessel.
The Terminus or most forward point.
What is a «Shear Force» in a ship?
A violent sideways motion in heavy weather, which can cause a vessel to shear violently.
A very powerful wind force, such as that experienced in a tropical revolving storm.
A vertical force at the point at which a load is being carried, with the force being the difference between upward and downward thrust.
It is the total weight applied at a recognised «weaker» part of a ship, such as where the Main Deck meets the superstructure.
What is the «Centre of Gravity», of an object?
It is the point at which the whole weight of the object may be regarded as acting.
It is always the mid – point of the object.
It is the end point of an object.
It is the point where an object will snap, if it is bent.
What is the intact volume of a vessel above the waterline called?
Buoyancy.
Negative Buoyancy.
Reserve Buoyancy.
Lost Buoyancy.
What is the «Centre of Buoyancy of a ship»?
The point through which the force of buoyancy, is considered to act downwards.
The geometrical centre of underwater volume & the point through which the force of buoyancy may be considered to act upwards.
It is the centre point of each cargo hold, in a fully laden vessel.
It is the middle point of the watertight volume, above the waterline.
What is the «Principle of Suspended Weights»?
When a weight is suspended from a ship’s derrick, its centre of gravity is considered as being at the derrick head.
When a weight is suspended from a derrick, its centre of gravity is considered as being at the heel of the derrick.
When a weight is suspended from a derrick ever increasing pressure is exerted on the cargo runner and thus it may part.
When a weight is suspended from a derrick, personnel working in the vicinity should be warned «not to stand under it».
What do the letters «LCF» mean in relation to stability?
Left Centre of Flotation.
Light Container Freight.
Longitudinal Centre of Flotation.
Longitudinal Common Factor.
What causes a «Free Surface Effect»?
The movement of liquid in slack tanks due to a ship’s motion.
A vessel being top heavy.
A vessel having a very large GM.
Pressing up double bottom tanks.
What is a «Bending Moment» in a ship?
The process of lifting a heavy object, by squatting first, before applying an upward lifting motion with one’s arms & legs.
The method of applying a superior force to a metal object, to bend or shape said object to the way you want it.
A beam bends by placing weights on either side of it. The «Moment» is calculated by multiplying the weight applied by the respective distance.
This is another name for hogging, and it occurs when there is too much weight at either end.
A stiff vessel will have a GM which is….
large.
small.
zero.
negative.
What is the equilibrium state of the vessel in this diagram?
The vessel is in a state of neutral equilibrium.
The vessel is in a state of stable equilibrium.
The ship is in a state of unstable equilibrium.
The vessel is in a state of semi-equilibrium.
If the forward draught of a vessel is greater than the aft draught, what state of trim is the vessel in?
The vessel is said to be finely balanced.
The vessel is said to be on even keel.
The vessel is trimmed by the head.
The vessel is trimmed by the stern.
What is the horizontal distance between the forces of Buoyancy and Gravity, acting on a vessel when heeled by wind or waves, called?
Metacentric Height.
KG.
KM.
Righting Lever.
Freeboard is the vertical distance measured from the……
waterline to the keel.
main deck to the waterline.
main deck to the keel.
top of the bulwarks to the waterline.
At what angle of heel on a statical stability curve is the GM plotted?
60 degrees.
45 degrees.
30 degrees.
57,3 degrees.
The centre of pressure, on a bulkhead flooded on one side to a depth, h, measured from the bottom, is…
0,1 h.
0,25 h.
0,33 h.
0,5 h.
What is the equilibrium state of the vessel in this diagram?
It is in a state of «Neutral Equilibrium».
It is in a state of «Unstable Equilibrium».
It is in a state of «Stable Equilibrium». G vyshe M.
It is a vessel in a «Tender State».
When a vessel is in neutral equilibrium, the GM will be….
large.
small.
zero.
negative.
If the angle of heel is less than 10 degrees, what is the equation for finding GZ?
GM times BM/3.
GM times Sin(x).
GM times Cos(x).
BM times Sin(x).
What does fresh water allowance or «FWA» mean?
The maximum amount of fresh water a fully laden vessel is allowed to carry.
The amount of fresh water that may be consumed by each crew member daily, during rationing.
The amount the laden fresh water draft must be reduced by, to equal the maximum allowed laden salt water draft.
The amount the vessel may submerge its maximum salt water draft by, when loading in fresh water.
What effect does «Hogging» have on a vessel’s draught?
It makes the amidships draft appear less than it should be.
It causes a vessel to be trimmed by the head.
It makes the amidships draught greater than it should be.
It has no effect on the draught.
What is «Deadweight»?
The weight of the provisions, stores and bunkers.
The difference between the vessel’s loaded and light displacements. It is the weight that a ship carries.
The weight of the vessel’s cargo only.
The amount of cargo a vessel is allowed to carry, depending on the Load Line Zone she is in.
From the diagram, give the formula for the «KG» value.
KG = KM plus GM.
KG = KM minus KB.
KG = KM minus GM.
KG = KG plus BM.
What is the «Range of Stability» on a statical stability curve?
Zero to 30 degrees.
Zero to one radian (57,3 degrees).
Angles of heel where all GZ levers are positive.
Zero to angle of deck immersion.
What do the letters «LOA» stand for in relation to a ship?
Latest Official Act.
Length Over All.
Longest Objective Attainable.
Largest Outside Article.
What is a «Metacentre»?
It is the position between the centre of gravity and the centre of buoyancy.
It is the intersecting point between the vertical lines through the centre of buoyancy in the initial and slightly listed positions.
When a vessel heels over so that the low side touches the sea, that point is the metacentre.
When a vessel is in a vertical position, the metacentre is the point below the centre of buoyancy.
What do you call the effect of the movement of liquid in a slack tank?
Sideways movement.
Fore and aft movement.
Free surface effect.
The open surface effect.
What does the term «LCB» mean?
Longitudinal Centre of Ballast.
Lowest Centre of Buoyancy.
Lowest Cantilever Beam.
Longitudinal Centre of Buoyancy.
What is the «formula» for calculating the righting moment of a ship?
There is no specific formula for this purpose.
It is the product of the ship’s displacement multiplied by the BM.
It is the GM multiplied by the displacement in tonnes.
It is the GZ multiplied by the displacement in tonnes.
About which point on a waterline does a vessel change trim?
Around its mid point.
Anywhere along the fore and aft line.
The Longitudinal Centre of Flotation.
Around the point at which a weight is added or taken away.
How many tonnes are there in 1 cubic metre of salt water?
1,015.
1,008.
0,925.
1,025.
What happens to cause a vessel to be in a state of «Unstable Equilibrium»?
When the metacentre and the centre of gravity, are at the same height above the keel.
When a vessel has a very large GM.
When a vessel is rolling very heavily.
When the centre of gravity rises above the metacentre.
What is the «Breadth Extreme»?
The maximum breadth measured from outside the shell plating P to S.
The mean of the breadth at # 1 hatch and the breadth at the aftermost hatch.
The maximum breadth measured from inside the plating.
The maximum breadth measured from the inside plating at the bottom of the centremost hatch.
What is a GZ curve used to determine?
Displacement.
Deadweight.
Stability.
Buoyancy.
What causes ships to experience «Stresses»?
As long as a ship is properly built and handled, it will never experience stresses.
When the upward force due to weight at a point, and the downward thrust due to buoyancy, at the same point are unequal.
Stresses to a ship are mainly caused when it is subjected to forces from wind, waves and loads.
When the downward force due to weight at a point, and the upward thrust due to buoyancy, at the same point, are not equal.
What does «Breadth Moulded» mean in relation to a ship?
The maximum breadth measured from outside the plating.
The maximum breadth measured across the hatches.
The maximum breadth measured from inside the shell plating P to S.
The maximum breadth measured from the waterline.
What is the «Depth Moulded» in relation to a ship?
The vertical distance from the top of keel to the uppermost continuous deck at side.
The vertical distance from the keel to the main deck.
The vertical distance from the keel, to the top of the centremost hatch coaming.
The vertical distance from the waterline, to the uppermost deck.
What is the «Centre of Flotation or Tipping Centre» of a vessel?
It is the exact mid point of the ship, around which the vessel trims as weights are added or taken away.
It is a fixed known point on the longitudinal metacentre.
It is the point on which the vessel initially rests, when being drydocked.
It is the geometrical centre of the waterplane and also the point about which the vessel trims.
What are the «Stresses» that effect a ship?
Mainly tensile, compressive and bending stresses.
Heavy cargoes such as iron ore, steel billets and other ores with low stowage factors.
The ageing process of a vessel in heavy weather.
Rust and general wear & tear, when accompanied by poor maintenance.
What do the letters «LBP» stand for in relation to a ship?
Lloyds Buoyancy Particulars.
Loadline Beam Position.
Length Between Perpendiculars.
Largest Beam Possible.
What does the diagram show, and what does it mean?
A mould of a ship inside in a block, which is used for modeling purposes in a shipyard.
The block coefficient of fineness, which is the ratio between the underwater volume, and volume of circumscribing block.
A stability model, which is used when calculating GM and other pertinent information.
The waterplane coefficient, which is the ratio between the waterplane area and the area of the circumscribing rectangle.
What do the letters ML in the attached diagram mean & what is it used for?
It is the metacentric height.
It is a figure showing how an Inclining Experiment is done.
It is the longitudinal metacentre and is used when calculations involving trim are considered.
It is the transverse metacentre and is used with inclinations of heel & list.
What is the «True Mean Draught»?
The draught at the Centre of Flotation is considered as the True Mean Draught or the draught the vessel would lie in even keel conditions.
It is the mean of the forward and aft draughts or the amidships draught.
It is the draught between the forward and midships draughts.
It is the mean between the amidship and after draughts.
What is a «Ship’s Rolling Period»?
It is the time in seconds taken by a vessel to complete a roll i. e. port to starboard and back to port.
It is the time taken in seconds for a vessel to complete a roll, either to starboard or to port.
It is the time in seconds between a vessel pitching downwards and returning to the upright.
It is the time in seconds of the downward or upward pitch.
What causes «Sagging» in a loaded vessel?
Improper loading, caused by placing too much weight at either end of the ship.
Leaving the fore and after peaks full, when the ship is fully loaded.
This condition is caused by aged bottom plates.
Leaving peak tanks empty, and then loading tanks/holds near to amidships.
What is a righting lever (GZ) curve used to determine?
STABILITY.
Speed of the vessel.
Fuel efficiency.
Cargo capacity.
Define the «Lightweight» of a ship.
Accommodation weight only.
Stores for the crew and passengers.
The net tonnage.
Displacement minus the deadweight. It is the weight of the ship itself.
With a forward draught of 8,00 m and an aft draught of 9,00 m, the amidships draught reads 8,30 m. What state is the vessel in?
The vessel is sagged.
The vessel is in a normal state.
The vessel is hogged.
The vessel is on even keel.
What is the «Change of Trim»?
It is the term used to describe leveling and bagging grain in a slack hold.
It is the difference between the original trim and the final trim.
It is another term used to describe the change of draft.
It is the moment required to change the trim by one centimetre.
What is «reserve buoyancy» in relation to a vessel?
The watertight volume of a vessel, which is below the waterline.
The total volume of a fully laden ship.
The watertight volume of the engine room and store rooms.
The watertight volume above the waterline.
What happens when a vessel passes between water of different densities?
If a ship goes from salt water to fresh water, there will be a bodily sinkage plus a small change of trim.
The densities of all waters through which a ship passes are essentially the same, so nothing happens.
If passing from water of less density to water of greater density, the draught will be increased.
The forward draught decreases, whilst the aft draught increases, but the mean draught remains the same.
How many tonnes are there in 1 cubic metre of fresh water?
1.
0,895.
1,012.
1,024.
What do the letters «GRT» mean?
Gross Registered Tonnage.
Grave Reverse Trim.
Ground Rules of Trim.
Grain Regulatory Tests.
What is «relative or specific gravity»?
The mathematical factor needed to calculate the vessel’s displacement.
The density of a substance, compared to the density of fresh water.
It is the density of fresh water.
It is the density of sea or salt water.
What is a «Moment», in terms of stability?
It is the product of force and distance.
The time taken to perform an Inclining Experiment.
It refers to the weight loaded daily.
The consequence of overloading.
What do the letters «MCTC» stand for?
Movement to Change Tonnage by one tonne.
The Moment to Change Trim one Centimetre.
The Mid Container Terminal Centre.
The Main Change of Trim.
Which letters signify the metacentric height on the diagram?
The metacentric height is represented by the letters «BM».
The metacentric height is not shown on this diagram.
The metacentric height is represented by the letters «GM».
The metacentric height is represented by the letter «M».
What is an «Angle of List»?
The angle of heel where the GM is zero.
A fixed angle of heel caused by a transverse imbalance of internal forces within the ship.
The same as the Angle of Loll.
The angle of heel where the deck edge is immersed.
What is the «Ship’s Displacement in Tonnes»?
The weight of the ship’s cargo.
The weight of all the enclosed spaces.
The actual entire weight of the ship.
The weight of the hull, the machinery and the stores.
What is the equilibrium state of the vessel in this diagram?
It is in a state of stable equilibrium.
It is in a state of unstable equilibrium.
It is in a state of semi-stable equilibrium.
It is in a state of neutral equilibrium.
What does the term «Trim» mean?
The difference between the mean draught, and the forward draught.
The state of a vessel on even keel.
The difference between the draught at the forward perpendicular and the draught at the after perpendicular.
The difference between the mean draught and the after draught.
What are the «effects» of free surface?
It causes an increase in GM, thereby making the ship roll very heavily.
It causes the ship to «go by the head», thus increasing the risk due to heavy pitching.
It cause a loss of GM, thereby creating a possibly dangerous situation.
It results in a loss of buoyancy.
What is the principle of Archimedes?
That every body that floats displaces at least twice its own weight in water.
That a floating body becomes unstable, if the density of the water it is floating in exceeds the specific gravity of salt water.
That every floating body displaces its own weight of the liquid in which it floats.
That a floating body must be completely watertight, in order for it to float.
