Innovative CryoVac System Receives DNV Approval for Liquid Hydrogen Transport

DNV has granted approval in principle for an innovative system designed to contain liquid hydrogen (LH2) for long-distance transport. Handling LH₂ is challenging due to its requirement for refrigeration at -423 degrees Fahrenheit to remain in liquid form, the ability of its small H₂ molecules to infiltrate seal materials and metals, and the fact that prolonged exposure can make steel dangerously brittle.

Current designs, such as the Suiso Frontier, the world’s first LH₂ carrier, utilize spherical tanks to manage these complexities. In contrast, the new CryoVac panel system is intended for the construction of Type B-like prismatic tanks, which are commonly used in modern LNG carrier designs.

Prismatic tanks are more efficient in utilizing hull space compared to spherical Moss-type tanks, allowing for increased cargo capacity. CryoVac has developed a unique prefabricated panel system that provides a double layer of insulation by being applied to both the tank’s exterior and the hull’s interior. The core of this system is the hexagonal steel panel, which is fully sealed and evacuated to create a vacuum. These panels are designed for mass production in factories and can be easily transported to shipyards for installation. Their hexagonal shape facilitates the construction of complex forms by adjusting the size of connecting pieces, enabling a continuous layer of panels to be welded around each prismatic tank.

CEO Aage Bjørn Andersen, a seasoned entrepreneur in Norway’s maritime technology sector, stated:

“This provides efficient insulation with a very low boil-off rate, without compromising the integrity of the steel.”

The tank structure is independently positioned within a nitrogen-filled void in the hold, with an additional set of panels welded to the interior for further insulation. CryoVac claims that the welded panels also enhance gas-tight containment for the cargo.

The next phase for CryoVac involves developing a complete design for a 45 000 cubic meter LH₂ carrier, featuring three cargo holds, each with a 15 000 cubic meter tank.

Andersen noted, “There is significant global interest in a safe and cost-effective solution for shipping liquid hydrogen. This is the technology gap we aim to address. We will be engaging in discussions with shipowners and hydrogen producers moving forward.“